Temperature-indicating device for water-cooling systems for internal-combustion engines.



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WILLIAM I'. HAMMoN'n,.-.0E rAssAIc, NEW JERSEY, AssIGNOEhrO. THE MorOMETEE. l COMPANY, OE NEW YOEK, N. Y., A CORPORATION or NEWYOEE.

'rEMrEnATUEE-INDICATING DEVICE Eon WATER-COOLING sYsrEius Eon coMsUsIION ENGINEs.

To alliwhorn, it may concern.'

Beit known .that I, WILLIAM MoND, a citlzenof the United States, resid- .ing in' Passaic, county of Passaic, and State of New Jersey, have inventedcertain new and 'use-ful Improvements 1n Temperature- -Indicating Devices for. Water-Cooling' Systems for Internal- Combustion Engines, ,of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying sheet of drawings, is a full, clear, and concise Adescription thereoL y 'My present invention relates-to that general type of device disclosed in United States Letters Patent .-No. 1,090,7-76granted 'March 17, 1914, `toi'one Harrison H.

. Boyce, andl has for its: objects to provide means whereby the temperature indicati-ng- .element will atall timesindicate the actua-l` temperature of: the' cooling medium' in circulating 'system of an internal comphustion engine. The .device'o the patent mentioned comprises a, temperature indicatingelemen-t supported by the -iller cap 25- linto the air spacezbove the waterlevel of an automobile. radiator and 'depending therein, and, as'a consequence thereof, the

' responsive .element is influenced directly by Athe temperature. of said a1r 's pace, wh1ch,

undernormal running conditions,- 1s con-z siderably below the actual tempera-ture of the cooling medium, sometimes' as much as 2 0 to 30 degrees. At the point of vaporlzation, however, where the circulating water.-

is cOnVertedii'ItOsteam, by abnormal running conditions, the temperature responsive elementiscausedto rise `suddenly an ap-A preciable distancealong the scale ofthe 1n-v strument, this jump indicating to the driver .inI an'nnpressive manner, the existenceof' an'abnormal 'condition-a useful, and, highly meritorious featurein itself. The actual;

conditions`and it is the` object,l ci

s ger'ie'ral.l type so operate that one. may

br'enabied at allj times te know-.the actual.l '-tamperaturefof the water as 1t circulates through the systenn'and to dotlii's without changing the form, Ot" the. Boyce. device.

-s'poli'sive device. 'capable' of: vnicnmttdupoiifthe radiator cap and bemg`, remaveale1e Specification of Letters Patent.

therewith, vto project into or be-partly'submerged 1n the water beca-usevthe quantity of the latter is constantly varying. The cooling Water diminishes as the running of the engine continues and frequently falls below the top of the bank of air tubes, where no instrument would under any circumstances oome 1n contact with it. For the accomplishment of the object of this invention, lI provide an extension to thereturn pipe of the radiator, through which I Abring the: cooling' medium constantly .and at all times during its circulation in contact with the heat responsive element irrespective of the varying quantity of the water in the radiator. l

Through the instrumentalityV of my devlce, an accurate indication of the temperature ot' the cooling medium is obtained,

ywhether it be for experimental purposes or as a constant signal to 4the automobile driver.` i

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 indicates a vertical cross-sectional view Patented Apr. 4,1916. Application filed April 13, 1915. Serial No: 20,984. v

INTERNAL- of a fragmentary-part of a radiator, a de- .tachable filler cap removably supporting the heat indicator, and thereturn. pipe of the 'circulating system'partly in full, supporting the extension tube, which is anfcs-v sential. element of my'invention. ig. 2' is a like viewon an. enlarged scaley showing a part ofthe bank-of radiator air tubes and the. flexible connection between the re-4 turn pipes of the engine andltheradia-tor.

F 3 is al modification showing the manner.-

in which. the present invention may be' used in. connection with heating indicating devices,

which are provided with short stems, which, in some instances, may not project .below the bottom of the filler opening,` Fig'fi: is: a turther modification illustratingthe Inanneriir which-'ailexibleftube may be used for the purpose of conveying the entire volume: of circulating; fluid issuingfromtliey return piepe,'so as to bring lit vinto contactI ith they .temperature-responsive element o the-indicating device.

The radiator 1, is generally, provided with acylindrical 'extension A2wlnichserves as ain openingl through'wh-ich the supplyy of theQQl-ing water in "theoirculating SystemylO isl,j1'eplenished. This cylindricalaj extension" isfeliosedr byV a c ap 3, whch.i s removably; @enacted dictate.; tu'. their f.- screw.

'threads The cap 3 carries the indicating ldev1ce'4 which, inthe present instance, is

illustrated as comprising a temperature responsive element 5 and a scale 6. .A lower `projepting sleeve or sheath 7 envelops ythe lower` part o f the heat responsive element .and protects the same from breakage. A

series lof apertures 8 are provided in the extremity of this sheath, and as the heat responsive element is supported and insulated from the frame of the device and the sheath, it is obvious that the water may be brought into actual contact with the heat 'operative way to accomplish the purpose of 'responsive element, so Athat the latter kwill be operated thereby.

The numeral 9 indicates the bank of air tubes which form a'structural part of the radiator, 10 the return. pipe which generally forms a part ofthe radiator, Iand 11 a flexible connection between the end of the return pipe of the water jackets of the engine cylinders and the return pipe of the radiatcr. i

It will be understood that as thus far de# scribed the construction is well-known and forms no part of my present invention other than as the same may be used in a comy invention.

It will also be understood from-what has heretofore been said that the quantity and rate of flow of the circulating uid varies responsive element lconstantly` contacting with the circulating mediumA irrespective of its quantity, or rate of iiow,- Il extend the return pipe tothe radiator inwardly `to a point beneath the temperature responsive' device when the latter is in normal operative position, so that the water will be causedto flow in contact/with the device. I do this, preferably, by using a supplemental pipe 11, which has a closesliding fit within the return pipe 1Q. This pipe 11 is slipped' through the return pipelO, the flexible con-v nection 11 being removed for the purpose.

' Thefpipe 11 is closed at its inner en d as` vat 12 and a portion of the side of the pipe is cut away to provide the'aperture 13 i through which the end of the instrument or fheat responsive element is inserted.

" aperture 13 servesas an outlet for the return lwater.coming from the water'jackets of the the return pipe.

pipe 14, which will be concentrically posi,

This

engine, and inasmuch as the end of the heat responsivey indicating element projects well within the pipe 1l, the water is caused to circulatetherearound in its passage to the radiator through the aperture 13- A correct `7ov reading of the actual temperature of the water is thus obtained and by reason of the operation of the expansion of the heat responsive' medium in conjunction with lthe` scale of the dial 6. In the present instance, the temperature responsive indicating element is made long enoughto project well below the top of the radiator, preferably to a point nearly in line with the lower wall of 80 4 In cases where the temperature responsive element does not extend below the cylindrical part of the radiator opening,l itis desirable .to provide an upwardly extending v tioned with respect to thecylindrical filler opening and the heat responsive element, the latter projecting downwardly and centrally thereinto, as shown in Fig. 3.A Thepipe 14 may be suitablyfsecured to the pipe 11, by a union, or any equivalent means, so that the return from the water jackets of the engine will be caused to l flow upwardly through .the pipe 14 and over the edge 15, intovthe:

radiator, andin its passage, contact with the temperature responsive element 5, so as -to cause the latter to respond and 'indicate the temperature condition of the'water on the dial 6. In'both ofthese described instances the cooling medium is caused topon- 10o tact with the heat" responsive' elementmndl operate the latter in the well known man@ ner, and,.by so doing, knowledge may be obtained of-the actual ytemperature control# ling conditions of the system, and any abnormity in such conditionsmay at once be detected.'

By the use pf my improvement, a convenient and ready understanding of the existing engine conditions can be had', and a useful4 applicationvof-the device to experimental'- purposesin connectionl with' the' manufacture of 'internal combustion Vengines obtained.

4While I' have illustrated and described but one specific form or construction in which my invention may find embodiment,l I do not wish. to be limited specifically' thereto, as other means may be providedl whereby the return water to `the radiator ,120 may becaused to flow into contact with the heat responsive element. For instance, it may be feasible to employ a Hexible pipe or tube as shown at 11a in Fig. 4, which may be carried by the tube 7, which when in-.125

serted in place within the radiator, will entend into the return pipe 10, thuscausing the water to flow therethrough into contact -with theheat responsive element. Y

I reserve to myself a reasonable application.- of the doctrine of equivalency commensurate with the state of the priorvart and the' terms of 4my' appended claims;

7 Having thus described my invention, what -i-clgaim as new herein .and desireto lsecure by Letters Patent is;

bodying al radiator, and a return pipe therefor a heat-responsive element positioned in the radiator and a tubular member coper-l ating with the return pipeorifice ofthe radiator and the heat-responsive element for directing the circulating medium against said heat-responsive element during thel return passage of said-medium. to lsaid radiator. v

2. A device for indicating the temperature of cooling water of an internal combustion engine, comprising in combination a radiator, and a return pipe therefor,v said radiator having a fillerl opening a'tubular member inserted in the return pipev of the -radiator and projecting within the. radiator below the iiller opening thereof, and 'a temperature-responsive indicating device mounted 'in and carried by the `iiller cap of said radiator, said indicating devicel projecting' Within the tubular member so as to contact at all times with the flow ofy :the "circulating coolingl .medium there- 3.' ln combinationl with a liquidcirculating cooling system of an internal combustion engine,r a radiator and a return pipe therefor, said radiator having a filler opening, a heat-responsive indicating device mounted in and carried bythe filler cap thereof, said indicatingdevice projecting within the radiator below the filler opening,

and a pipe projecting from the return pipev of the radiator and into the'radiator below the filler opening, said pipe having an aperture through which the indicating device projects, the end of said pipe being closed in order to cause the cooling medium to contact with the indicating device and lpass through said opening during its circulation through the system.

4. A device for indicating the temperature ,of cooling Water of an internal combustion engine, comprising in combination with the radiator and a return pipe there-- for, said radiator a tubiuar] member having a filler opening,

l. ln combination with the cooling sys-4 "tem of an 'internal combustion engine ern-f' vculating cooling medium.

. perature-indicating device mounted in and .carried by the filler cap of said radiator and v of, a member provided with anunobstructed sponsive part of the indicating device so inserted in the returnv Lai pipe of-the radiator, said tubular member being substantially the diameter of the return passage so as to receive substantially the entire flow of circulating vcooling medium, said tubular member projecting within .the radiator andbelolw thelleropening thereof, and atemperature-responsive indicating de- 'vice'mounted in and carried by the filler cap ofsaid radiator,'said indicating device projecting within the tubular member so as to contact at all timeswith the flow of the cir- 5.' ln l,combination with a cooling system of-an internal combustion engine embodying a radiator and a return pipe therefor, said radiator having a filler opening, a temhaving a temperature-responsive part projecting within the radiator, a member provided With an unobstructed passage cooperating with the return pipe of the radiator and --the temperature-responsive part of the indicatingdevice whereby'the entire flow of the cooling medium will be caused to pass th-rough said unobstructed passage and When circulating at all times to influence the temperature-responsive part of the indicating device.

6. In combination with a cooling system of an internal combustion engine, a radiator and a return pipe therefor, said radiator having a. filler opening, an indicating device mountedin'and carried by the ller cap thereof, said. indicating'device having a temperature-responsive part projecting within the radiator below the filler opening therepassage located in the return .pipe of the radiator andsubstantially vfilling the same,

said member projecting within the radiator j and beneath theiiller opening thereof, being formed to accommodate the heat-rethat the flow ofthe cooling medium will be caused to contact therewith while circulating'.

ln witness whereof l have hereunto set my hand in the presence of'two subscribing witnesses.

l 1 WiLLiAM ir. HAMMOND.

Witnesses: v LILLIAN L. MALZER,

' l?. FRANK SMITH. 

